نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه مکانیزاسیون و ماشین‌های کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز-ملاثانی، ایران
چکیده
شناخت وضعیت توان تراکتوری هر منطقه به‌منظور برنامهریزی برای ارتقاء ظرفیت انجام عملیات ماشینی از ضرورتهای برنامهریزی در حوزه مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی می‌باشد. در همین راستا به‌منظور ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ روند گذشته، شکاف میان وﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و مطلوب در استان خوزستان، سطح مکانیزاسیون طی 5 دوره برنامه توسعه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی جمهوری اسلامی ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. توان تراکتوری مورد نیاز شهرستان‌های استان در زمان اوج عملیات کشاورزی محاسبه گردید و به‌منظور اولویت‌بندی ورود توان در استان از ترکیب روش‌های تاپسیس فازی و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی استفاده گردید. سطح مکانیزاسیون استان 20/1 اسب بخار بر هکتار برآورد گردید و متوسط ضریب پراکندگی اراضی کشاوری برای کل استان 96/301 درصد محاسبه شد. بین سطح مکانیزاسیون شهرستان‌های استان و ضریب پراکندگی اراضی و میانگین قطعات زراعی به‌ترتیب همبستگی منفی و مثبت مشاهده گردید. به‌منظور اجرای به موقع عملیات کشاورزی، استان نیازمند 6682 دستگاه تراکتور با توان اسمی معادل 75 اسب بخار می‌باشد. بیشترین نیازمندی به تراکتور در شهرستان دشت‌آزادگان با تعداد 1163 دستگاه وجود داشت. برای ورود توان جدید به استان بایستی شهرستان‌های گتوند، اندیمشک، ایذه و باغملک در اولویت قرار بگیرند. ضریب پراکندگی سطح مکانیزاسیون 47 درصد محاسبه شد که نشان‌دهنده توزیع نامناسب سطح مکانیزاسیون در شهرستان‌های استان می‌باشد. بر این مبنا ضرورت برنامهریزی منطقه‌ای در برنامههای راهبردی استان برای برقراری تعادل و توازن بیشتر به منظور ایجاد شرایط مناسب و همگون توان در کشاورزی، دیده میشود.
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