@article { author = {Eshaghi Pireh, M. and Gholami Par-Shokohi, M. and Mohammad Zamani, D.}, title = {Analysis of Energy of Diesel Engine using Diesel and Biodiesel Fuel Mixtures Containing Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles}, journal = {Journal of Agricultural Machinery}, volume = {12}, number = {3}, pages = {319-329}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Ferdowsi University of Mashhad}, issn = {2228-6829}, eissn = {2423-3943}, doi = {10.22067/jam.2021.67098.0}, abstract = {IntroductionBiodiesel is an eco-friendly renewable alternate fuel and is made from transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fat. The use of biodiesel fuel as a strategy to conserve energy and reduce emissions is becoming increasingly important in engines. Biodiesel fuels increase NOx emissions in the engines. Compensate for the negative effect, the use of particles additive can be a reliable solution. In this study, the state of heat balance in a single-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine with different fuel combinations with DXBYGZ formula (X % diesel fuel, Y % biodiesel mass, and Z ppm graphene oxide nanoparticles), has been studied experimentally.Materials and MethodsGraphene nanoparticles in three levels of 30, 60, and 90 ppm were mixed with biodiesel produced from cooking waste oil by transesterification method with volume percentages of 5 and 20% and pure diesel was used. The test engine was a diesel engine, single-cylinder, four-stroke, compression ignition, and water cooling, in the laboratory of renewable energies of agricultural faculty, Moghadas Ardabili University. The engine is connected to a dynamometer and data were obtained after reaching steady state conditions. In thermal balance study, the combustion process merely as a process intended to free up energy fuel, and the first law of thermodynamics is used. The energy contained in the fuel is converted to useful and losses energies by combustion. Useful energy measured by dynamometer as brake power and losses energy including exhaust emission and cooling system losses. Variance analysis of all engine energy balance was done by split-plot design based on a completely randomized design and the means were compared with each other using the Duncan test at 5% probability.Results and DiscussionThe results showed that by adding 60 ppm of graphene oxide and 20% biodiesel to diesel fuel, the useful output power is reduced to a minimum and is reduced by about 5.52%. The results of the model evaluation of useful power, exhaust emissions, and thermal losses in the cooling system showed that the exponential model had a better fit. By adding biodiesel and graphene oxide nanoparticles to diesel fuel, the useful power was reduced. In order to achieve the maximum useful output power and with the priority of adding biodiesel to a high amount, the fuel composition of D80B20G90 had relatively better conditions. By adding 30 ppm of graphene to pure diesel fuel, the equivalent power of exhaust fumes was reduced to a minimum of about 18.5%. In general, heat loss through the cooling system in pure diesel fuel (D100) was lower than other fuel compounds. Pure diesel fuel was recognized as the best fuel mixture due to having the highest useful power, and lowest energy losses in the form of exhaust fumes and through cooling.ConclusionBy adding graphene oxide to pure diesel fuel, the useful output power was reduced to a minimum. With the increase of biodiesel to diesel fuel, the amount of power of the cooling system also increased. By adding graphene oxide to pure diesel fuel, the equivalent power of the exhaust fumes was reduced. Heat loss through the cooling system increased with the increase of nano-graphene and biodiesel.}, keywords = {Biodiesel,energy,Graphene oxide,Modeling,Nanoparticles}, title_fa = {تحلیل انرژی موتور دیزل با استفاده از مخلوط‌های سوختی دیزل و بیودیزل حاوی نانو ذرات اکسید گرافن}, abstract_fa = {در این تحقیق وضعیت تعادل گرمایی در یک موتور دیزل تک سیلندر، چهار زمانه و آب‌خنک با کاربرد نانوذرات اکسید گرافن در مخلوط‌های سوختی دیزل- بیودیزل بررسی شد. نانوذرات اکسید گرافن در سه سطح 30، 60 و 90 پی‌پی‌ام به مخلوط‌های بیودیزل-دیزل (نسبت‌های حجمی صفر، 5 و 20 درصد بیودیزل) اضافه شد. آزمایش‌ها در شرایط بار کامل و سرعت 1500 دور در دقیقه انجام شد. نتایج ارزیابی مدل پیش‌بینی توان مفید خروجی، توان معادل آلاینده‌های خروجی اگزوز و توان معادل تلفات گرمایی سیستم خنک‌کننده نشان داد که مدل نمایی برازش بهتری داشت. با افزودن بیودیزل و نانو ذرات اکسید گرافن به سوخت دیزل توان مفید کاهش یافت. به‌طوری‌که با افزودن 60 پی‌پی‌ام اکسید گرافن و 20 درصد بیودیزل به سوخت دیزل، توان مفید خروجی به کمترین مقدار خود رسیده و در حدود 5.52 درصد کاهش یافت. به‌منظور دستیابی به بیشترین توان مفید خروجی و با اولویت افزودن بیودیزل به مقدار بالا، ترکیب سوختی90 پی‌پی‌ام اکسید گرافن و 20 درصد بیودیزل به‌طور نسبی دارای شرایط بهتری بود. با افزودن 30 پی‌پی‌ام اکسید گرافن به سوخت دیزل خالص، توان معادل دود اگزوز به کمترین مقدار خود رسیده و در حدود 18.5 درصد کاهش یافت. در حالت کلی تلفات گرمایی از طریق سیستم خنک‌کننده در سوخت دیزل خالص نسبت به سایر ترکیبات سوختی پایین‌تر بود.}, keywords_fa = {اکسید گرافن,انرژی,بیودیزل,مدل‌سازی,نانو ذرات}, url = {https://jame.um.ac.ir/article_40121.html}, eprint = {https://jame.um.ac.ir/article_40121_2ceb87a5da3beb401c3b16627c815904.pdf} }