نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
چکیده
سنجش از دور، یکی از ابزارهای کارآمد برای بررسی روند تغییرات سطح زیرکشت محصولات کشاورزی و باغی در سطوح وسیع و زمان کوتاه است. سیاستگذاران با آگاهی از این اطلاعات، میتوانند تصیمات صحیح و بهموقعی داشته باشند. مطالعهی حاضر، با هدف تخمین سطح زیرکشت شالیزارهای برنج در بخش کیاشهر استان گیلان انجام شد. از تصاویر سنجنده TM ماهواره لندست 5 و سنجنده OLI ماهواره لندست 8 بهمنظور تهیه نقشههای کاربری اراضی استفاده شد. ابتدا، تصحیح هندسی و اتمسفری بر روی تصاویر صورت گرفت. سپس، با استفاده از الگوریتم طبقهبندی نظارت شده حداکثر احتمال، نقشههای کاربری اراضی منطقه با هفت کاربری شامل اراضی برنج، جنگل نیمهانبوه، جنگل تنک، مناطق مسکونی، مناطق آبی، پهنههای ماسهای و سایر اراضی تهیه شد. در ادامه، مساحت هر یک از کاربریها محاسبه شد و روند تغییرات، مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. دقت کلّی و ضریب کاپای طبقهبندی بهترتیب معادل 98.45% و 0.98 برای سال 2000، 97.59% و 0.97 برای سال 2010 و 98.72% و 0.98 برای سال 2020 بهدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که اراضی برنج در یک بازه 20 ساله، با کاهش 6.94 درصدی همراه بوده، بهطوریکه مساحت آن از 11080.66 هکتار در سال 2000 به 10311.69 هکتار در سال 2020 رسیده است. همچنین، در این مدّت مناطق مسکونی و جنگلهای تنک بهمیزان 67.94 و 18.73 درصد رشد کردهاند، اما جنگلهای نیمهانبوه، مناطق آبی و پهنههای ماسهای بهترتیب 61.32، 4.91 و 61.48 درصد کاهش داشتند. با توجه به نتایج، توجه جدّی به تغییر کاربری اراضی برنج و تخریب جنگلها ضروری میباشد.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
Open Access
©2021 The author(s). This article is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source.
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