نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
چکیده
توربینهای آبیجنبشی با قرارگیری درون رودخانه و بدون نیاز به ساخت سد یا بند آبگیر قادر به استحصال انرژی جنبشی آب و تولید برق هستند. یکی از موضوعاتی که در بهکارگیری این فناوری بسیار حائز اهمیت است موضوع پتانسیلسنجی و تخمین توان و انرژی نظری بهمنظور انتخاب مناطق مستعد نصب چنین تجهیزاتی است. از بین روشهای متنوع پتانسیلسنجی، در این پژوهش استفاده از هندسه هیدرولیک و محاسبه سرعت جریان از معادله مانینگ انتخاب شد. بهمنظور پیادهسازی این روش یک کد کامپیوتری توسعه یافت که طی 4 مرحله سرعت، چگالی توان و انرژی نظری سایتهای موردنظر را محاسبه و در اختیار کاربر قرار میدهد. برای پیادهسازی این روش دو ایستگاه هیدرومتری گچسر و سیرا در حوضه آبخیز سد کرج در استان البرز انتخاب شدند. ابتدا منحنی تداوم جریان هر ایستگاه با توابع توزیع احتمال برازش شد و سپس با استفاده از هندسه هیدرولیک و معادله مانینگ، سرعت، چگالی توان و انرژی جریان محاسبه شد. منحنی تداوم جریان هر دو ایستگاه مورد ارزیابی با توزیع لوگ نرمال و ضریب تعیین 0.99 برازش شدند. چگالی توان نظری برای ایستگاههای گچسر و سیرا با احتمال 90% و بیشتر بهترتیب برابر 1.2 و 1.67 کیلووات بر مترمربع برآورد شد. با توجه به عمق کم جریان، استفاده از توربینهای ساونیوس برای این دو سایت پیشنهاد میشود. بیشینه انرژی ماهانه تولیدی توسط یک دستگاه توربین با مساحت جاروب واحد در گچسر و سیرا نیز بهترتیب برابر 940 و 1142 کیلووات ساعت برآورد شد.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
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