بررسی اثر زمان برداشت انگور و خشک کردن به روش خلاء (VD) بر خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی کشمش رقم بی‌دانه سفید قوچان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فائزه کیومرثی دربندی ¹

یحیی سلاح ورزی ¹

بهرام عابدی ¹

مریم کمالی ¹

حسن صدرنیا ²

¹ گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

² گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22067/jam.2024.87715.1241

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت زمان برداشت انگور برکیفیت کشمش، تعیین زمان مناسب برداشت و بهینه‌سازی روش‌های خشک کردن برای دستیابی به تولید کشمش با کیفیت از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. به‌منظور بررسی اثر متقابل زمان برداشت (5، 15و 25 شهریور ماه) و روش خشک کردن (آفتاب خشک، خشک‌کن خلاء 60، 70 و 80 درجه سلسیوس) بر خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی کشمش رقم بی‌دانه سفید، تحقیقی در قالب آزمایش کرت‌های خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در 4 تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که برهمکنش زمان برداشت و روش خشک کردن بر صفات فیزیکوشیمیایی نظیر مواد جامد محلول، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، فنل کل، فلاونوئید و بار میکروبی تاثیر معنی‌داری نشان داد. بیشترین مقدار مواد جامد محلول مربوط به تیمار 25 شهریور ماه و کمترین آن مربوط به تیمار 5 شهریور ماه بود .میزان آنتی‌اکسیدان، محتوای فنل، فلاونوئید و قند کل در تیمار خشک‌کن خلاء بیشتر از روش آفتاب خشک بود. بیشترین بار میکروبی (Cfug^-1 126.51) مربوط به کشمش آفتاب خشک بود و در مقابل تیمار تحت خشک‌کن خلاء در هر سه دما کمترین مقدار بارمیکروبی (تقریبا صفر) را داشتند. به‌طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که کشمش تولیدشده در برداشت سوم و خلاء 60 درجه سلسیوس از نظر صفات بیوشیمیایی نسبت به سایر تیمارها کیفیت مطلوب‌تری داشت و می‌توان چنین اظهار کرد که روش خشک‌کن خلاء، جایگزین مناسبی برای روش‌های خشک کردن سنتی محسوب می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنتی‌اکسیدان

بار میکروبی

باز جذب آب

خشک‌کن خلاء

فلاونوئید

محتوای فنل

موضوعات

• مهندسی پس‌ از برداشت، و فرآوری محصولات کشاورزی

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Authors retain the copyright. This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)

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