با همکاری انجمن مهندسان مکانیک ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی ماشینهای کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی سنقر، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق، مقدار ویتامین C، ترکیبات معطر و تغییر رنگ پودر پرتقال با استفاده از روش‌های شیمیایی، دستگاه بویایی و اسکنر در چهار خشک‌کن در دمایC ° ۴۵ درجه سانتی‌گراد اندازه‌گیری شد. این دستگاه‌های خشک‌کن شامل خلاء اتمسفر معمولی، خلاء کنترل اتمسفر، همرفتی و همرفتی-مادون قرمز بودند. بیشترین پاسخ حسگرها به ترکیبات معطر در خشک‌کن‌های همرفتی و کمترین پاسخ در خشک‌کن‌های خلاء کنترل و خلاء معمولی مشاهده شد. دو مؤلفه اصلی تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) ۸۸% از واریانس داده‌ها را توضیح دادند. ساختار شبکه عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) ۸-۵-۴ بود. علاوه بر این، بر اساس نمودارهای بارگذاری مدل‌های حداقل مربعات جزئی (PLS) و رگرسیون مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCR)، حسگرهای MQ3 و MQ6 بهترین حسگرها برای پیش‌بینی میزان ویتامین C و تغییر رنگ پودر پرتقال بودند. حسگرMQ135  نیز به دلیل دقت پایین و کاهش هزینه، می‌تواند از مجموعه حسگرهای بینی الکترونیکی حذف شود. رگرسیون خطی چندگانه (MLR)، در مقایسه با مدل‌های PCR وPLS، دقیق‌تر عمل کرد، یعنی R2= 0.83 و RMSE= 0.144 برای پیش‌بینی ویتامین C و R2= 0.94 و RMSE= 0.68 برای پیش‌بینی تغییر رنگ محاسبه شدند. بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر تغییر رنگ اندازه‌گیری‌شده به‌ترتیب در خشک‌کن همرفتی و خشک‌کن خلاء کنترل اتمسفری مشاهده شد. همچنین، بیشترین و کمترین ویتامین C اندازه‌گیری‌شده به‌ترتیب در خشک‌کن همرفتی-مادون قرمز و خشک‌کن خلاء کنترل اتمسفری مشاهده شد. بهترین خشک‌کن برای حفظ کیفیت پودر پرتقال، خشک‌کن همرفتی-مادون قرمز بود. نتایج این مقاله نشان داد که داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده از دستگاه بویایی قادر به پیش‌بینی تغییر رنگ و ویتامین C پودر پرتقال است. همچنین، می‌توان از دستگاه بویایی برای شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی نوع خشک‌کن مورد استفاده برای تهیه پودر پرتقال با کمترین زمان و هزینه، بدون تخریب نمونه، و تعیین بهترین خشک‌کن برای تهیه پودر پرتقال استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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